"waving the bloody shirt"- Was the use of Civil War imagery by political candidates, notably Ulysses S. Grant, to gain votes.
Tweed Ring- "Boss" Tweed and his accomplices ran the New York City Democratic party in the 1860s and got more $200 million.
Credit Mobilier scandal- The owners of the Union Pacific Railroad formed a construction company to earn government contracts to build the railroad at high inflated prices and profits.
panic of 1873- Was a world-wide depression that started in the United States because one of the nation's largest bank declared bankruptcy.
Gilded Age- A term to describe the period 1865-1896 of wealth and corruption.
patronage- The practice of giving out places in public office for political support.
Compromise of 1877- When Rutherford B. Hayes became president, he withdrew the last troops from the former Confederate states.
Civil Rights Act of 1875- This act provided blacks equal access to public accommodations and banned racism in jury selection, but not enforcement of the act.
sharecropping- A system used for agriculture where black and white farmers rented land and residences from a plantation owner as long as they gave him a "share" of the crop.
Jim Crow- The system of racial segregation in the South that was based on the "separate, but equal" facilities for blacks and whites and the Jim Crow system tried to prevent racial mixing everywhere.
Plessy v. Ferguson- A Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of segregation laws, saying that as long as blacks get "separate, but equal" facilities.
Chinese Exclusion Act- Prohibited Chinese immigration to the United States.
Pendleton Act- Granted federal government jobs on the basis of examination.
Homestead Strike- Was a strike at Carnegie steel plant that saw an armed battle between the strikers and detectives hired by Carnegie and federal troops.
grandfather clause- Was a regulation in many southern states in the 1890s that exempted voting requirements as long as they can prove that their ancestors was able to vote in 1860.